14 Most Common Causes of Car Breakdowns: Don't Get Stranded!

Consider this: Emergency Assist responded to over 2,300 roadside assistance calls in 2024 and 32,000 in 2023. That's quite a lot of stranded drivers! Research from National Highways England indicated that approximately 224,225 vehicles broke down on motorways alone between April 2018 and March 2019. Suggesting that the total number of breakdowns across all types of roads in the UK is significantly higher when considering breakdowns not just on motorways but also on local roads and other highways.

Buckle up because, in this post, we're reviewing our claims data for 2024 to identify the most common causes of breakdowns. Your future self (and wallet) will appreciate this insider knowledge!

1. Dead or Faulty Battery

Have you ever had that moment when you turn the key and hear nothing? Just that disappointing click that says, "Not today?" Welcome to the Dead Battery Club!

Your car's battery is like that high-maintenance friend who needs constant check-ins. Watch for these red flags:

• Dim headlights that look more exhausted than you do after a long day

• Weird electrical hiccups

• Crusty, corroded battery terminals (gross but essential!)

• Those dashboard lights that seem to play hide-and-seek

What's secretly draining your battery's will to live? Common reasons include:

• Leaving lights on (we've all been there)

• Short trips that never let your battery fully charge

• Extreme temperatures throwing a tantrum

Pro tip: Keep those battery terminals clean and corrosion-free. Consider a trickle charger to supplement your charging system if your car's taking an extended vacation. Most car batteries tap out after 3-5 years, so watch for signs of ageing.

2. Flat or Damaged tyres

Ah, tyres—the unsung heroes of your road adventures. Nothing kills a road trip vibe faster than that flop-flop sound of a flat tyre.

Tyre damage is sneakier than you might think. Nails, glass, a surprise curb, or a pothole you thought you survived are the usual suspects.

Normal wear and tear? That's the real long-game villain.

Tyre pressure isn't just a suggestion—it's your car's lifeline. Proper inflation and regular top-ups are about avoiding flats, fuel efficiency, and longevity—it's like giving your tyres a spa day.

Tyre pressure is crucial for:

• Avoiding flats

• Improving fuel efficiency

• Extending tyre longevity

Some DIY Tyre Changing Advice

Changing a flat might seem as complicated as rocket science, but here's a simple approach that anyone can follow:

1. Safety First

• Pull over to a safe, flat area away from traffic. If a flat location isn’t forthcoming, find a brick or large rock you can place behind the opposite tyre to the one you’re changing.

• Turn on your hazard lights and set the handbrake.

• Ensure the car is in the park (automatic) or in gear (manual) to prevent rolling.

2. Gather Your Tools

• You will need:

• Spare tyre

• Jack

• Lug wrench (wheel brace)

• Wheel chocks (or bricks) to prevent rolling

• Tyre pressure gauge (optional).

3. Loosen the Wheel Nuts

• Before lifting the car, use the wheel spanner to loosen each wheel nut by turning them counterclockwise, about half a turn. Wait to remove them altogether.

4. Position the Jack

• Locate the designated jacking point for your vehicle (refer to your owner's manual).

• Place the jack securely under this point and raise the car until the flat tyre is 10-15 cm off the ground.

5. Remove the Flat Tyre

• Now, remove the loosened wheel nuts and the flat tyre. If the tyre is stuck, replace one nut and give it a gentle kick to free it.

6. Install the Spare Tyre

• Align the spare tyre with the wheel hub and push it into place.

• Hand-tighten the wheel nuts onto the spare tyre, starting with one at the bottom to hold it steady.

7. Lower the Vehicle

• Carefully lower the jack until the spare tyre contacts the ground but does not bear full weight.

• Use this position to tighten each wheel nut fully in a crisscross pattern for even distribution.

8. Fully Lower the Car

• Lower the vehicle and remove the jack.

• Double-check that all wheel nuts are tight.

9. Check Spare Tyre Pressure

• If you can access one, use a tyre pressure gauge to ensure you have adequately inflated your spare.

• Inflate to recommended pressure if necessary.

10. Clean Up

• Place all tools back in your vehicle, ensuring you secure the flat tyre for later repair or disposal.

Following these steps, you can efficiently change a flat tyre and ensure your vehicle is roadworthy again. Always check your vehicle's manual for specific instructions related to your car model.

Bonus: Tyre rotation and alignment. They're not just fancy car words—they're your ticket to even tyre wear, better handling, and saving serious cash.

3. Clutch Cable Failures

Manual transmission owners, gather around! Clutch cable failures are like that unexpected plot twist in your car's ongoing biography.

Imagine you're smoothly shifting gears, and suddenly—things get weird. The clutch feels off, gears start grinding, and your smooth ride turns into a mechanical wrestle.

Your clutch cable is working overtime. It can stretch, wear out, or just decide to throw a tantrum.

Here are some warning signs to keep a look out for:

• Warning signs include:

• Difficulty changing gears

• A clutch pedal that feels mushier than expected

• Weird noises when shifting

Pro tip: Regular maintenance is your best friend here. Treat your clutch with some TLC, and it'll return the favour. Consider scheduling that appointment with your nearest vehicle service garage.

4. Engine Overheating Issues

Think of your car's engine like a marathon runner. Push it too hard without water, and it will crash—spectacularly!

Red alert symptoms include:

• Temperature gauge climbing faster than your stresses ability to keep up

• Steam billowing from under the hood

• A sweet smell entering the cabin that's not your air freshener

Quick survival tips if your engine starts overheating:

• Kill the AC (comfort takes a backseat!)

• Crank up the heat (I know, sounds crazy)

• Pull over safely

• Let the engine cool down before playing detective

Pro tip: Regular coolant system check-ups are way cheaper than engine repairs. So get to know that user manual and learn what coolant levels are required, how often and what type of coolant your ride enjoys.

5. General Electrical System Issues

Your car's electrical system is like a complex nervous system—one minor glitch can cause chaos.

Despite what might seem obvious, some of these issues do not turn your dashboard warning lights on, so watch out for:

• Spark plugs causing rough idling

• Alternator belt issues leading to battery drainage

• Warning lights signalling potential system failures

The usual suspects include:

• Failing ignition coils

• Cylinder head gasket problems

• Loose electrical connections

• Blown fuses or worn-out relays

Pro tip: Those warning lights aren't just decorative ornaments! Ignore them at your own risk. Scheduling regular checks by a trained auto-electrician can save you from those pesky unannounced (warning light triggering) issues and may save you expensive repairs and unexpected breakdowns.

6. Gearbox Troubles & Transmission Issues

Right up there is a well-functioning engine filled with sufficiently high-quality engine oil and a free-flowing exhaust system. Your vehicle's gearbox is just as critical and requires careful attention and maintenance. If left unchecked, transmission problems can quickly escalate from minor inconveniences to major repairs.

Warning signs to monitor:

• Grinding noises when shifting gears

• Delayed engagement between gears

• Unexpected gear slipping

• Visible transmission fluid leaks

Essential maintenance strategies:

• Regularly check transmission fluid levels

• Practice smooth, careful gear shifting

• Avoid overloading the vehicle

• Promptly investigate unusual sounds or behaviors

Pro tip: Transmission repairs can be costly. Proactive maintenance is far more economical than reactive repairs, so keep an ear, nose, and eye out for warning signals. Once your vehicle has reached its first five years of life, consider scheduling maintenance checkups with your local garage to avoid potential issues for that extra peace of mind.

7. Deteriorated Clutch System Performance

Both automatic and manual transmission vehicles rely on a precisely functioning clutch system. Understanding its operation and potential issues is crucial for preventing unexpected breakdowns, especially for manual transmission vehicles.

Critical symptoms that raise concern:

• Unusual clutch pedal responsiveness

• Grinding noises during gear changes

• Clutch slippage during acceleration

• Unusual burning smell while driving

• Acceleration without an actual increase in vehicle speed

Recommended maintenance practices:

• Avoid unnecessary clutch engagement

• Use proper hill-starting techniques

• Practice smooth gear transitions

• Schedule regular professional inspections

Pro tip: Understanding your vehicle's specific requirements can significantly extend the clutch's operational life.

8. Suspension System Considerations

A well-maintained suspension system ensures vehicle stability, comfort, and safety.

Significant suspension problem indicators:

• Uneven or excessively bouncy ride

• Vehicle pulling to one side

• Uneven tyre wear patterns

• Visible vehicle body sagging

Recommended maintenance approach:

• Conduct regular wheel alignment

• Inspect shock absorbers periodically

• Replace worn suspension components

• Maintain consistent driving habits

Pro tip: Proper suspension maintenance contributes to overall vehicle performance and safety.

9. Steering System Fundamentals

The steering system is critical for vehicle control and driver safety.

Key steering system warning signs:

• Unusual noises during turning

• Steering wheel vibration

• Vehicle pulling to one side

• Inconsistent steering responsiveness

Essential maintenance practices:

• Regularly check the power steering fluid

• Inspect for potential fluid leaks

• Address wheel alignment issues (also see Flat & Damaged Tyres)

• Respond promptly to steering abnormalities

Pro tip: Maintaining your steering system ensures precise vehicle control and prevents potential safety risks.

10. Alternator Failures

Your alternator is like the unsung hero of your car's electrical world. It keeps your battery charged and powers everything from your radio to your headlights.

Signs of an alternator rebellion:

• Your car taking longer to start due to an undercharged battery

• Unexpected noises from the engine

• Loss or lack of performance in some features reliant on battery performance, such as automatic start/stop

Pro tip: If you ignore these signs, you might inadvertently play the game "Will My Car Start Today?"

11. Starter Motor Problems

Nothing says "not my day" like turning the key and recognising that sound from the last time your battery was flat and you heard. There was absolutely nothing. As the pit in your stomach settles, you repeatedly turn the key, a sad clicking noise that screams, "Nope, not happening!"

Starter motor issues can turn your morning from a "quick coffee run" to an "unexpected roadside adventure." Watch out for:

• Grinding noises that sound like your car is clearing its throat

• Occasional starting (sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't)

• That dreaded silence when you turn the key

 

Pro tip: Remember those Battery and Alternator issues from earlier. These can manifest themselves as starter motor issues, so keep this tip in your back pocket for when your starter starts behaving suspectly. 

12. Ignition System Problems

Your car's ignition system is the spark that literally brings your vehicle to life! When things go wrong, you'll know.

Key warning signs include:

• Difficulty starting the engine

• Intermittent stalling

• Rough engine performance

Potential troublemakers lurk everywhere:

• Faulty spark plugs

• Blown fuses

• Damaged HT leads

• Coil faults

• Dodgy ignition wiring

Critical maintenance tips:

• Regular spark plug replacement

• Keep the ignition system clean

• Watch for warning lights

• Address wiring issues immediately

Pro tip: Don't ignore that ignition warning light! It's your car's way of saying, "Hey, we need to talk." A quick check can prevent a roadside breakdown and save you from an expensive repair bill.

13. Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Problems

Diesel drivers, this one's for you! Your DPF is like a fancy air filter that catches soot particles.

Sounds glamorous, right?

The catch? It needs regular "cleaning" through a process called regeneration.

Short city drives?

Your DPF is NOT happy. It loves long motorway runs where it can burn off those pesky soot particles. So, if most of your trips end up at the shops and back, you should consider scheduling a 30-minute road trip where you can drive at around 60mph to burn off that excess black dust.

14. Fuel Issues

Running out of fuel is the automotive equivalent of forgetting your wallet on a dinner date—embarrassing and totally preventable unless, of course, this was some sort of ill-conceived backup excuse for showing up late to work.

Bonus facepalm moment: Misfuelling (putting petrol in a diesel car or vice versa). Pouring the wrong fuel happens more often than you'd think, and it can be a grave wallet-draining mistake.

Quick tips:

• Check your fuel gauge regularly

• Know your vehicle's fuel type and octane rating

• Keep an eye on that fuel flap for help and advice

Conclusion

We've journeyed through the wild world of car breakdowns together! Remember, your car is more than just a machine—it's your trusted road companion. Suppose you don’t own one of those modern cars that almost keep themselves running and can automatically alert their manufacturer of any issues. Treat it right, listen to its quirks, and you'll dodge most of these roadside nightmares.

Regular maintenance isn't just a chore—it's your secret weapon against unexpected breakdowns. Stay curious, stay prepared, and keep rolling!